History of Photography
1826-Nicéphore Niépce, was
a French inventor, usually credited as the inventor of photography and a pioneer
in that field in our time. Niépce
developed heliography, a technique he used to create the
world's oldest surviving product of a photographic process. A print made from a photoengraved printing plate in 1825 in 1826 or 1827, he used a primitive camera to produce the oldest surviving photograph of a real
world scene.
The image depicts the view from an upstairs window
at Niépce’s estate, Le Gras, in the Burgundy region of France
1834-William Henry Fox Talbot was a British scientist/inventor and photography
pioneer who invented the salted
paper and calotype processes, precursors to photographic processes
of the later 19th and 20th centuries. His work in the 1840s on photomechanical
reproduction led to the creation of the photo glyphic engraving process, the
precursor to photogravure.
1837-Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre was a French artist and photographer recognized for his invention of the
daguerreotype process of
photography. He became known as
one of the fathers of photography. He
was also a successful painter and a developer of the diorama theatre.
1851-Frederick Scott Archer invented the
photographic collodion
process which
preceded the modern gelatin emulsion. He was
remembered mainly for this single achievement which greatly increased the
accessibility of photography for the general public.
1854-
André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri was
a French photographer who started his
photographic career as a daguerreotypist but gained greater fame for patenting
his version of the Carte de visite a
small photographic image which was mounted on a card made this system of
mass-production portraiture world famous.
1855-
Stereoscopy is a technique
for creating or enhancing the illusion
of depth in an image by means of stereopsis for binocular vision. Most
stereoscopic methods present two offset images separately to the left and right
eye of the viewer. These two-dimensional images are then combined in the brain to
give the perception of 3D depth.
1855-1857- ambrotypes tintypes or ferrotypes. A tintype,
also known as a melainotype or ferrotype, is a photograph made by creating a direct positive on a
thin sheet of metal coated with a dark lacquer or enamel and used as the
support for the photographic emulsion. Tintypes
enjoyed their widest use during the 1860s and 1870s, but lesser use of the
medium persisted into the early 20th century and it has been revived as a
novelty in the 21st.
1861- James Clerk Maxwell was a Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical
physics. His most notable achievement was to
formulate the classical theory of electromagnetic
radiation, bringing together for the first time
electricity, magnetism, and light as manifestations of the same phenomenon.
1861-1865- Mathew Brady was one of the first American photographers, best known for
his scenes of the Civil
War.
1868- Louis Arthur Ducos du Hauron was a French pioneer of colour photography. He
worked on developing practical processes for color photography on the
three-color principle, using both additive and subtractive methods.
1870: Center of period in which the US Congress sent photographers
out to the West. The most famous images were taken by William Jackson and Tim
O'Sullivan.
1871: Richard
Leach Maddox was an English photographer
and physician who invented lightweight gelatin negative plates for photography.
1877: Eadweard
Muybridge was an English photographer
important for his pioneering work in photographic studies of motion, and early work in motion-picture projection.
1880- George
Eastman was an American innovator and entrepreneur who
founded the Eastman
Kodak Company
and popularized the use of roll
film, helping to bring photography to the mainstream.
1888-The box camera was invented. A box camera is a simple type of camera, the most common form being a cardboard or plastic box with
a lens in one end and film at the other. They were very popular in
the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The lenses are often single element
designs meniscus focus
lens, or in better quality box
cameras a doublet lens with minimal possible
adjustments to the aperture or shutter
speeds.
1889-The
first commercial transparent roll film, perfected by Eastman and his research
chemist, was put on the market. The availability of this flexible film made
possible the development of Thomas Edison's motion picture camera in 1891. A
new corporation - The Eastman Company was formed, taking over the assets of the
Eastman Dry Plate and Film Company.
1900-The
first of the famous Brownie Cameras was introduced. It sold for $1 and used
film that sold for 15 cents a roll. For the first time, the hobby of photography
was within the financial reach of virtually everyone.
1907- First commercial color film, the Autochrome plates,
manufactured by Lumiere brothers in France